根據截至2026年1月的最新戰況通報，俄羅斯於1月20日凌晨對烏克蘭發動一場被形容為「開戰以來規模空前」的空中打擊行動，使整體戰局在嚴冬中進一步惡化，人道與能源危機同時升級，情勢極為嚴峻。

這次空襲的規模與密集程度引發國際高度關注。俄軍在短時間內動用龐大的空中打擊力量，合計發射339架無人機，包含「見證者」（Shahed）系列以及Gerbera 等不同型號，同時搭配34枚各式導彈進行多波次攻擊。其中不僅包含高超音速武器，還涵蓋多種具戰略與戰術用途的導彈型號。根據烏方通報，俄軍此次甚至使用一枚「鋯石」高超音速導彈，並發射18枚伊斯坎德爾-M或S-300彈道導彈，以及15枚Kh-101巡航導彈，顯示其在打擊精準度與心理威懾層面均有明確戰略考量。

空襲波及範圍極廣，涵蓋烏克蘭多個重要城市與地區，包括首都基輔、南部港口城市敖德薩、東北部的蘇梅，以及文尼察與扎波羅熱等地。多處民用設施與住宅區遭到攻擊，造成不同程度的破壞與人員傷亡。官方證實，基輔州與扎波羅熱州皆出現平民死傷案例，其中扎波羅熱的一處住宅區遭到導彈擊中，至少造成3名平民死亡，再度凸顯戰火對非戰鬥人員的直接衝擊。

除了即時的人員傷亡，這場大規模空襲對烏克蘭能源系統的打擊更為深遠，並迅速演變為嚴重的民生危機。基輔的情況尤為嚴峻。市長克利奇科指出，全市共有5635棟多層住宅大樓的供暖系統中斷，而其中高達八成的建築，才在1月9日的前一次襲擊後勉強恢復供暖，如今再度陷入癱瘓。對於身處嚴冬的居民而言，這不僅是生活不便，更直接威脅到生存安全。

與供暖問題同時出現的，還包括大範圍的斷水與斷電情況。基輔左岸地區出現明顯的供水中斷，基輔州、敖德薩州與蘇梅州等多地則被迫實施緊急限電措施。極端低溫進一步加重電力系統的負擔，使修復與調度工作難度倍增。據統計，僅在1月份，就約有60萬名居民因斷電、斷暖與生活條件惡化而被迫離開基輔，形成新一波內部人口流動與避難潮。

面對不斷惡化的局勢，烏克蘭總統澤連斯基透過社群媒體發表強烈聲明，直指俄軍正有系統地針對民用基礎設施發動攻擊，企圖在冬季削弱烏克蘭社會的承受能力與抵抗意志。他強調，國際社會「不能對此保持沉默」，並呼籲盟友加快並擴大軍事與人道支援，尤其是在防空系統與能源援助方面。他特別提到對愛國者（Patriot）、NASAMS等先進防空系統的迫切需求，認為唯有強化防空能力，才能在嚴冬中保護平民免於進一步傷亡，確保烏克蘭人民最基本的生存安全。

整體而言，這次空襲不僅是一次軍事行動，更清楚展現戰爭已深度影響烏克蘭的民生結構與社會穩定，也使戰爭的焦點再次回到「能源、基礎設施與人道危機」這一層面，為2026年初的歐洲安全局勢投下沉重陰影。

According to the latest battlefield updates as of January 2026, Russia launched what has been described as the largest air assault since the start of the war in the early hours of January 20, dramatically worsening the situation in Ukraine amid severe winter conditions. The escalation has simultaneously intensified humanitarian and energy crises, pushing the overall situation to an extremely critical level.

The scale and intensity of this airstrike drew widespread international attention. Within a short period, Russian forces deployed a massive array of aerial attack assets, launching a total of 339 drones, including Shahed-series drones and Gerbera models, alongside 34 missiles in multiple waves of attacks. These strikes combined different categories of weapons, ranging from strategic to tactical systems. According to Ukrainian reports, the attack included the use of a Zircon hypersonic missile, 18 Iskander-M or S-300 ballistic missiles, and 15 Kh-101 cruise missiles, underscoring Russia’s intent to maximize both precision-strike capability and psychological deterrence.

The attacks affected a wide geographic area, striking numerous key cities and regions across Ukraine. These included the capital Kyiv, the southern port city of Odesa, the northeastern region of Sumy, as well as Vinnytsia and Zaporizhzhia. Multiple civilian facilities and residential areas were hit, resulting in varying degrees of destruction and casualties. Authorities confirmed civilian casualties in both Kyiv Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast. In Zaporizhzhia, a missile strike on a residential neighborhood caused at least three civilian deaths, once again highlighting the direct impact of the war on non-combatants.

Beyond the immediate loss of life, the long-term damage to Ukraine’s energy infrastructure proved even more severe, rapidly evolving into a large-scale humanitarian crisis. The situation in Kyiv was particularly dire. Mayor Vitali Klitschko stated that heating had been cut off to 5,635 multi-story residential buildings across the city. Notably, around 80 percent of these buildings had only just restored heating after an earlier attack on January 9, only to lose it again following this latest strike. For residents enduring harsh winter temperatures, this disruption represents not merely inconvenience but a direct threat to survival.

At the same time, widespread water and power outages were reported. Large sections of Kyiv’s left-bank districts experienced water supply disruptions, while Kyiv Oblast, Odesa Oblast, Sumy Oblast, and other regions were forced to implement emergency power cuts. Extreme cold further strained the already fragile power grid, significantly complicating repair and energy redistribution efforts. Estimates indicate that in January alone, approximately 600,000 people left Kyiv due to prolonged power and heating outages and deteriorating living conditions, triggering a new wave of internal displacement.

In response to the worsening situation, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky issued a strong statement on social media, accusing Russian forces of deliberately targeting civilian infrastructure in an effort to undermine Ukraine’s resilience during the winter. He stressed that the international community “cannot remain silent” and urgently called on allies to accelerate and expand military and humanitarian assistance. Zelensky emphasized the critical need for additional air defense systems, such as Patriot and NASAMS, as well as energy support, arguing that only by strengthening air defenses can civilians be protected from further harm and Ukraine’s population ensured basic survival through the winter months.

Overall, this massive air assault represents not only a military escalation but also a clear indication that the war has deeply penetrated Ukraine’s civilian life and social stability. The focus of the conflict has once again shifted toward energy infrastructure, critical facilities, and humanitarian suffering, casting a heavy shadow over European security at the start of 2026.