截至目前，已有142個國家承認巴勒斯坦為一個獨立國家，但西歐大部分國家、美國和日本並未在這一列表中。這些國家對巴勒斯坦的承認情況與其在中東問題上的外交政策及政治立場密切相關，主要原因包括以下幾點：

外交政策與利益：

美國：美國是以色列的堅定盟友，歷屆美國政府在中東問題上普遍支持以色列的立場，反對單方面承認巴勒斯坦國，認為應通過和平談判解決巴以衝突。

日本：日本在中東問題上相對中立，保持與以色列和阿拉伯國家的友好關係，但尚未正式承認巴勒斯坦國，以避免與美國及其他西方盟友發生外交摩擦。

和平進程與談判：

許多西歐國家認為巴以和平進程應通過談判解決，支持「兩國方案」，即在以色列和巴勒斯坦之間建立兩個獨立國家。這些國家通常認為，單方面承認巴勒斯坦國可能會削弱和平談判的基礎和成效。

國際政治壓力：

西歐國家普遍面臨來自美國的政治壓力。作為北約成員國及盟友，許多西歐國家在外交政策上需要顧及與美國的關係和利益協調。

內部政治考量：

西歐國家內部對巴以衝突的看法存在分歧，承認巴勒斯坦國可能會引發國內政治爭議和對外政策的不一致。

儘管如此，一些西歐國家的議會曾通過象徵性決議，呼籲政府承認巴勒斯坦國，這表明這些國家內部對巴勒斯坦問題存在不同聲音。然而，官方立場仍未發生重大變化，這反映各國在處理國際關係時的謹慎和複雜性。

以色列持續攻擊巴勒斯坦的行為似乎惹惱了許多國家。在瑞典、捷克、匈牙利等國承認巴勒斯坦為國家之後，挪威、愛爾蘭和西班牙也在同一天跟進。以色列立即召回駐愛爾蘭和挪威的大使。

As of now, 142 countries have recognized Palestine as an independent state, but most Western European countries, the United States, and Japan are not on this list. The recognition status of Palestine by these countries is closely related to their diplomatic policies and political stances on the Middle East issue. The main reasons include the following:

Diplomatic Policies and Interests:

United States: The U.S. is a staunch ally of Israel. Successive U.S. administrations have generally supported Israel's position on the Middle East issue and opposed the unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state, believing that the Israeli-Palestinian conflict should be resolved through peaceful negotiations.

Japan: Japan maintains a relatively neutral stance on the Middle East issue, fostering friendly relations with both Israel and Arab countries. However, Japan has not formally recognized Palestine to avoid diplomatic friction with the U.S. and other Western allies.

Peace Process and Negotiations:

Many Western European countries believe that the Israeli-Palestinian peace process should be resolved through negotiations and support the "two-state solution," which envisions two independent states for Israelis and Palestinians. These countries generally think that unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state could undermine the basis and effectiveness of peace negotiations.

International Political Pressure:

Western European countries often face political pressure from the United States. As NATO members and allies, many Western European countries need to consider their relations and interests with the U.S. in their foreign policies.

Internal Political Considerations:

There are differing views on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict within Western European countries. Recognizing Palestine might provoke domestic political disputes and inconsistencies in foreign policy.

Despite this, some Western European parliaments have passed symbolic resolutions urging their governments to recognize Palestine, indicating differing opinions on the Palestine issue within these countries. However, official positions have not significantly changed, reflecting the cautious and complex nature of handling international relations.

Recent Developments:

Israel's continued attacks on Palestine have apparently angered many countries. Following the recognition of Palestine by Sweden, the Czech Republic, and Hungary, Norway, Ireland, and Spain also followed suit on the same day. In response, Israel immediately recalled its ambassadors to Ireland and Norway.

照片:DALLE3