當前，中國半導體龍頭企業聞泰科技（Wingtech）正陷入一場國際級的爭議風暴。該公司旗下的安世半導體（Nexperia），其高達147億人民幣的海外資產，近日被荷蘭政府以「國家安全」為由全面凍結與接管，公司控制權遭暫時剝奪。事件迅速在中歐科技界與資本市場引起巨大震動。

一、事件經過

聞泰科技是中國電子產業的重要巨頭，旗下的安世半導體原為飛利浦（Philips）分拆出的恩智浦（NXP）標準產品部門，專門生產功率半導體、二極體與 MOSFET 等關鍵元件。這家公司在歐洲擁有悠久歷史與多個晶圓廠，是全球分立元件領域的重要供應商。2025年10月初，荷蘭政府突然宣布，依據《商品可得性法案》（Goods Availability Act），對安世半導體實施「臨時控制措施」。理由是公司關係複雜，最終控股方（聞泰科技）來自中國，可能對「歐洲的關鍵技術供應鏈造成安全風險」。因此，政府下令：

• 安世及其全球超過30家子公司不得轉讓資產或技術；
• 公司決策須由荷蘭指定的「獨立受託人」監管；
• 原有管理層（含中方代表）部分權限被暫停；
• 控股股份（除一股外）全數託管給第三方管理人。

同時，荷蘭阿姆斯特丹上訴法院企業法庭也下達臨時裁定，凍結安世董事會職權，並任命外籍臨時董事接管公司決策權。這使得聞泰科技對安世的實際控制權幾乎被完全剝奪。

二、聞泰科技的回應

聞泰科技隨即發表強烈聲明，譴責荷蘭政府「政治化商業問題、強行奪權」。公司指出，安世在全球營運多年，從未涉及任何國家安全風險，荷方以「莫須有的理由」凍結企業運作，嚴重侵犯了股東合法權益。聞泰表示，將透過法律與外交途徑維護權益，並呼籲荷蘭政府立即撤銷不當行政干預。聲明同時透露，此次凍結涉及的資產總額約為 147 億人民幣，影響範圍遍及歐洲、亞洲與美洲的營運據點。

三、背後爭議與政治因素

這起事件並非單純的企業糾紛，而是地緣政治與科技主權博弈的延伸。首先，「國家安全」成為歐洲干預中資企業的新理由。荷蘭政府聲稱此舉是為「防止關鍵技術外流」，並確保半導體供應鏈自主可控。這與美國近年來對中國高科技企業的出口禁令與實體清單制裁高度一致。外界普遍認為，荷蘭此舉與美國在全球半導體政策上的施壓密切相關。其次，安世的技術雖非最先進製程，但涉及汽車電子、能源與工控領域的關鍵元件。歐洲政府擔憂若該公司完全受中國控制，可能影響歐洲在車用與工業半導體市場的技術安全。再者，聞泰科技曾於2023年被美國列入實體清單，限制其獲取先進設備與技術。荷蘭此番動作，被視為對中企在歐洲半導體產業的一次「防滲透」措施。

四、可能的後續影響

這場風波帶來的衝擊不僅限於聞泰科技自身：

1. 公司治理與經營受阻
   聞泰暫時失去對安世的決策權，意味著未來一段時間內無法主導生產、投資與技術整合計畫。
2. 中國半導體對外投資信心受挫
   此案將成為中國科技企業在歐洲投資的警示案例，外資監管風險急劇上升。
3. 中歐科技關係進一步緊張
   北京可能視此為「政治干預經濟」的又一實例，中歐在半導體、能源與技術領域的摩擦恐加劇。
4. 全球半導體供應鏈的不確定性
   安世在全球有龐大的出貨量，若公司運作長期受限，可能影響車用與消費性電子的元件供應。

五、總結

聞泰科技旗下安世半導體遭荷蘭政府凍結與接管事件，是中歐科技關係緊繃的一個縮影。這不僅涉及企業經營權之爭，更關乎全球半導體產業的政治化走向。荷蘭政府以「國家安全」為由凍結中國資本企業，顯示歐洲在科技自主化上的態度日益強硬。而聞泰科技的強烈反彈，也揭示了中國企業在海外面臨的結構性風險。此案未來的走向，將取決於荷蘭法院的最終判決與歐中雙方的外交互動。若雙方無法協調，這場「半導體外交風暴」恐將進一步升級，成為中歐關係的新焦點。

Chinese semiconductor giant Wingtech Technology is currently embroiled in a major international dispute. Its Dutch subsidiary, Nexperia, with semiconductor assets valued at approximately 14.7 billion RMB, has been frozen and placed under partial control by the Dutch government, effectively limiting Wingtech’s management authority. The news has triggered widespread attention in both the European tech industry and financial markets.

Background

Wingtech Technology is a leading Chinese electronics and semiconductor company. Its subsidiary Nexperia was originally spun off from Philips/NXP’s standard products division and specializes in manufacturing discrete semiconductors, power devices, diodes, and MOSFETs. Nexperia has a long-standing presence in Europe, operating multiple manufacturing facilities, and is a key player in the global discrete component market.

In early October 2025, the Dutch government issued an emergency order under the Goods Availability Act, citing “national security” concerns. The measures included:

• Prohibiting Nexperia and over 30 of its global subsidiaries from transferring assets, intellectual property, or altering corporate governance without authorization.
• Suspending certain powers of the company’s existing management team, including Chinese representatives.
• Appointing an independent foreign director with decisive voting rights to oversee company decisions.
• Placing almost all shares of Nexperia under temporary trust management, effectively reducing Wingtech’s control to a single share.

The Amsterdam Court of Appeal’s corporate chamber supported these measures, further restricting Wingtech’s influence and placing Nexperia’s operational decisions under foreign supervision.

Wingtech’s Response

Wingtech issued a strong statement condemning the Dutch government’s actions as “politicization of business and unlawful expropriation.” The company emphasized that Nexperia has never posed a national security risk, and the Dutch measures represent an overreach that infringes on shareholder rights. Wingtech has announced that it will pursue legal and diplomatic channels to defend its interests.

The frozen assets amount to roughly 14.7 billion RMB, spanning Europe, Asia, and the Americas. The announcement sent shockwaves through the stock market, with Wingtech shares opening at a limit-down on its first day of trading after resumption.

Core Issues and Controversies

This case is not merely a corporate dispute but a manifestation of geopolitical and technological sovereignty concerns:

1. “National security” as justification for intervention:
   The Dutch government cited security risks to justify intervening in a privately owned foreign enterprise, raising questions about the limits of EU regulations and market protections.
2. Governance and control rights stripped:
   By suspending Chinese executives’ powers and appointing foreign trustees, the Dutch effectively removed Wingtech’s governance authority over Nexperia.
3. Concerns over technology transfer:
   While Nexperia does not produce cutting-edge chips, it holds critical know-how in automotive, industrial, and power devices. Dutch authorities fear potential transfer of technical knowledge to China, threatening Europe’s competitive edge.
4. US export controls and global tech competition context:
   Wingtech was previously added to the US Entity List, restricting access to advanced equipment and technology. The Dutch action aligns with broader Western strategies to limit Chinese access to key semiconductor capabilities.

Potential Impacts

The Dutch measures could have far-reaching consequences:

• Operational disruption: Wingtech temporarily loses decision-making power over Nexperia, affecting production, R&D, and supply chain management.
• Investment confidence: The case serves as a warning for Chinese tech firms operating in Europe, highlighting regulatory and geopolitical risks.
• Sino-European tensions: Beijing may view this as political interference, potentially escalating disputes in the semiconductor and technology sectors.
• Global supply chain uncertainty: Nexperia’s role in the discrete component market means disruptions could impact automotive, industrial, and consumer electronics sectors worldwide.

Conclusion

The freezing and partial takeover of Nexperia by the Dutch government is emblematic of increasing tensions in Sino-European technological relations. The case combines corporate governance, national security concerns, and global semiconductor competition. Wingtech’s vigorous opposition reflects the structural risks Chinese firms face abroad.

The final outcome will depend on Dutch court rulings and diplomatic negotiations. If unresolved, this dispute could escalate into a broader “semiconductor diplomacy” crisis, significantly affecting China-Europe relations and the global tech industry.