Leo是來自台灣的義工。目前在烏克蘭。今天他透過中國朋友的幫忙。準備拜訪當地的一間孤兒院。首先到當地的metro賣場進行採購。花費$27500UAH。主要是買民生用品例如文具、洗髮精、油、糖、巧克力、麵條、大量的蔬菜跟肉類。

烏東地區長期的戰爭導致許多家庭破碎。有大量的孤兒出現。今天的孤兒院的主要小孩都是來自赫爾松(Kherson)。因為水庫的潰堤。許多地方都不能住人。居民們都紛紛移居到最近的敖德薩(Odessa)或是基輔(Kyiv)。這間孤兒院以前是位在離基輔市中心外圍的布查(Bucha)。但是發生可怕的俄羅斯入侵跟屠殺事件。主要的贊助者美國教會決定將孤兒院遷移到基輔。並交由當地人管理。

這邊約有20多位的小孩。一間房間有4個上下床舖。空間並不大。其中有部分是重殘的孩子。經過詢問才知道在廚房幫忙的志工，她因為沒有能力照顧孫女，所以也將孫女安置在這。而每周都會過來的志工，自己有生重病的小女兒也安置在這。烏克蘭的孤兒院並不是全部都是沒有父母，而是因為經濟狀況不佳，逼於無奈只能將孩子們放在這邊，每周定期來照顧。

一位志工跟Leo說，這邊的很多男生，因為戰爭失去父母，開始自暴自棄，又碰到叛逆期，都不愛念書甚至逃學，這樣以後可能造成社會問題。男生們沒有女生開朗活潑，看到人總是很快閃開回到房間，不想與人交談。志工表示Leo是她們接觸到的第一位台灣人。很想了解台灣的狀況。希望每周都能看到Leo並吃到他煮的台灣菜。過去因為預算考量，小孩們都沒有吃過亞洲食物。

孤兒院的成立宗旨通常包括以下方面：

提供安全的居所：孤兒院的首要宗旨是提供孤兒們一個安全的居住環境，確保他們遠離危險和虐待。

提供基本生活需求：孤兒院會提供給孤兒們所需的食物、衣物和住所，確保他們有足夠的食物和衣物滿足基本的生活需求。

提供教育和培訓：孤兒院會提供教育和培訓機會，幫助孤兒們獲得知識和技能，為他們的未來做好準備，提升他們的自立能力。

提供心理支持：孤兒院通常會提供心理諮詢和支持服務，幫助孤兒們應對情緒上的困難和挑戰，重建自信和積極的人生態度。

促進社會融入：孤兒院會幫助孤兒們建立良好的社交關係，促進他們與社會的融合，以及對社會的貢獻。

至於孤兒院的營運，通常包括以下方面：

資金來源：孤兒院的營運需要資金來源，這可能包括政府資助、捐款、企業贊助、志願者服務等。

人力資源：孤兒院需要足夠的人力資源來管理和運營機構，包括管理人員、教育工作者、心理輔導員、護理人員等。

設施管理：孤兒院需要管理好設施，確保安全、衛生和舒適，並提供適當的生活和學習環境。

教育培訓：孤兒院需要提供教育和培訓服務，包括學校課程、職業培訓、技能培養等，以幫助孤兒們獲得知識和技能。

心理支持：孤兒院需要提供心理支持服務，包括心理諮詢、心理治療、情緒管理等，幫助孤兒們應對情緒和心理上的困難。

總的來說，孤兒院的營運需要綜合考慮資金、人力、設施、教育、心理支持等多方面的因素，確保孤兒們能夠得到全面的照顧和支持。

孤兒會大量增加通常是在以下情況下：

自然災害：自然災害如地震、颱風、洪水等可能導致許多家庭失去生活基礎，父母因災難喪生或失蹤，使得許多兒童成為孤兒。

戰爭和衝突：戰爭、內亂或衝突可能導致大量家庭被破壞，父母死亡或被迫遠離家園，造成許多兒童成為孤兒。

傳染病流行：某些傳染病的大規模爆發，如流感大流行、艾滋病等，可能導致大量父母死亡，使得許多兒童成為孤兒。

經濟困難：經濟衰退、貧困和失業可能導致家庭無法提供足夠的照顧和支持，使得許多兒童成為孤兒。

社會問題：包括家庭暴力、嬰兒遺棄、父母過世後無法扶養兒童等社會問題，也可能導致孤兒數量的增加。

這些情況下，孤兒會面臨生活困境和心理壓力，需要社會的關愛和支持。

Leo is a volunteer from Taiwan, currently in Ukraine. Today, with the help of a Chinese friend, he is preparing to visit a local orphanage. First, he went to a local metro store for purchases, spending $27,500 UAH. He mainly bought daily necessities such as stati onery, shampoo, oil, sugar, chocolate, noodles, and a large amount of vegetables and meat.

The prolonged war in the eastern region of Ukraine has resulted in many families being shattered, leading to a large number of orphans. Most of the children in today's orphanage come from Kherson, as many areas became uninhabitable due to the dam bursting. Residents have been moving to nearby Odessa or Kyiv. This orphanage used to be located in Bucha, on the outskirts of Kyiv, but due to the terrible Russian invasion and massacre, the main sponsor, an American church, decided to relocate the orphanage to Kyiv and hand it over to local management.

There are about 20 children here, with four bunk beds in each room, and the space is not large. Some of them are severely disabled. After inquiring, Leo found out that a volunteer helps in the kitchen because she is unable to care for her granddaughter, who is also placed here. Another volunteer, who comes every week, has her seriously ill daughter placed here as well. Ukrainian orphanages are not solely for children without parents but also for those whose families are struggling economically and have no choice but to place their children here. They come regularly to take care of them.

A volunteer told Leo that many boys here, having lost their parents due to the war, have become self-destructive, especially during their rebellious phase, skipping school and lacking motivation to study. This may lead to future social problems. Unlike girls, who are cheerful and outgoing, boys tend to shy away and avoid interactions. The volunteer expressed that Leo is the first Taiwanese they've encountered and they are eager to learn about Taiwan. They hope to see Leo every week and taste the Taiwanese dishes he cooks, as the children have never had Asian food before.

The establishment of orphanages typically aims to:

Provide a safe haven: Orphanages prioritize providing orphans with a safe living environment, away from danger and abuse.

Supply basic necessities: Orphanages provide food, clothing, and shelter to ensure the children have enough to meet their basic needs.

Offer education and training: Orphanages provide educational and training opportunities to help children gain knowledge and skills, preparing them for the future and fostering independence.

Provide psychological support: Orphanages usually offer counseling and support services to help children cope with emotional difficulties and challenges, rebuilding confidence and a positive outlook on life.

Promote social integration: Orphanages help children establish positive social relationships, facilitating their integration into society and their contributions to it.

Regarding the operation of orphanages, it typically involves:

Funding sources: Orphanages rely on funding sources such as government subsidies, donations, corporate sponsorships, and volunteer services.

Human resources: Orphanages require sufficient human resources to manage and operate the institution, including administrators, educators, counselors, and caregivers.

Facility management: Orphanages need to manage facilities properly to ensure safety, hygiene, and comfort, providing suitable living and learning environments.

Education and training: Orphanages must provide educational and training services, including school curricula, vocational training, and skill development, to help children acquire knowledge and skills.

Psychological support: Orphanages need to provide psychological support services, including counseling, therapy, and emotional management, to help children cope with emotional and psychological difficulties.

In summary, the operation of orphanages involves considering various factors such as funding, human resources, facilities, education, and psychological support to ensure comprehensive care and support for the children.

Orphanages may experience a significant increase in numbers under the following circumstances:

Natural disasters: Natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, and floods may lead to many families losing their livelihoods, with parents dying or going missing, resulting in many children becoming orphans.

Wars and conflicts: Wars, civil unrest, or conflicts may result in the destruction of many families, with parents killed or forced to flee their homes, causing many children to become orphans.

Epidemics: Large-scale outbreaks of certain diseases, such as influenza pandemics or HIV/AIDS, may lead to many parents dying, resulting in many children becoming orphans.

Economic difficulties: Economic recessions, poverty, and unemployment may lead to families being unable to provide adequate care and support, causing many children to become orphans.

Social issues: Social issues such as domestic violence, infant abandonment, and inability to support children after the death of parents may also contribute to an increase in the number of orphans.

In such situations, orphans face living difficulties and psychological pressure, requiring society's care and support.

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